Catalog: Archives: Regional Art: Asian (640)

Kannon (Guanyin) the bodhisattva of compassion, is depicted by two of the most famous painters of the early Showa period on this pair of presentation cloths by Hashimoto Kansetsu and Tomita Keisen. Keisen’s loosely brushed image of a cherubic Kannon sits in the center of an Enso Zen circle. The calligraphy on the left reads "Entsu", a Buddhist term combining the kanji for circle and authority, loosely meaning knowledge of the circle of Buddhist Doctrine, the cycle of life and of all things eternal. Kansetsu, on the other hand, creates a more severe image of Kannon seated in a lotus petal floating in tumultuous seas. The back of this features a long inscription and is dated Showa 7 (1932). The date coincides with the peak of Tomita Keisens popularity, shortly before his untimely death. It is also the year Kansetsu lost his wife, and this may explain the difference in perception of the Compassionate figure. He subsequently created a temple (Gesshinji) in her honor. Both come wrapped around pillows in a red lacquered wooden box signed by Keisen. Each is 34.5 x 36.5 cm (13-1/2 x 14-1/2 inches) and both are in fine condition.
Hashimoto Kansetsu (1883–1945) was born in Kobe, son of painter Hashimoto Kaikan from whom he gained a love of Chinese culture. He studied at Chikujokai under Takeuchi Seiho (1864-1942), but eventually withdrew due to differences of opinion. He visited Europe in 1921 and after that spent part of almost every year in China. His early years were heavily influenced by ancient Chinese painting, a passion for which he made frequent trips to the continent. Many of his paintings were inspired by Chinese scenery or Chinese classical literature. His former residence in Kyoto is now a museum of his work called the Hakusasonso. He exhibited consistently at the Bunten, and was a member of the Imperial Art Academy. Works by him are held in the Kyoto National Museum, Tokyo National Museum, Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, and the Boston Museum of Fine Art, as well as almost every major collection.
Tomita Keisen (1879-1936) was born in Fukuoka on the southern Island of Kyushu into a family of restaurateurs, however fascinated with the arts, he began studying painting at the age of 12 in the Kano school tradition with Kinugasa Morimasa (1852-1912), the official painter for the Kuroda clan. In 1896, he went to Kyōto to continue his education in the Shijo manner with Tsuji Kako, and exhibited with the Japan Painting Association as well as with the Bunten/Teiten National Exhibitions among many others. Keisen also sought inspiration in Buddhist paintings from the Nara and Heian periods which he studied on frequent trips to Nara, the ancient capital. In the 1920s, he would delve into the concepts of the Nanga tradition of literati painting, and his unorthodox use of color and dramatic sense of proportion would propel him to great fame. Religion fascinated Keisen, and much of his work centers around these ideals. His works also show the influence of literati artists Tomioka Tessai and eccentric Buddhist Sengai Gibon. He developed a hybrid of these which has proven extremely popular, even with contemporary audiences and his work is still highly prized. In 1935 he was made a member of the Japan Art Academy. He died the following year at the age of 58. Works by him are held in Tokyo National Museum of Modern art and Kyoto Natioanl Museum of Modern Art, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, The Kyoto City (Kyocera) Museum, Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, Rijksmuseum, Fukuoka Art Museum, Tokyo Fuji Art Museum and many others. For more on this artist see Kyōto no Nihonga 1910–1930. National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto, 1986

Porcelain cranes in a lead tree decorate the lacquered top of this gilded wooden box enclosed in the original wooden box titled Romatsu Sokaku Zu (Ancient Pine Two Cranes) and signed Sekka, with signatures of Tozan II (porcelain decoration) and Hyoetsu (lacquer artist) inside. In this case, Kamisaka Sekka produced the design, enlisting two of Kyoto’s then top artisans to complete the work, lacquer artist Miki Hyoetsu I who applied the lead, gold and lacquer and Ito Tozan who created the ceramic cranes and pine boughs. The box is in unused condition, containing the original stone and water-dropper and two brushes still wrapped in paper. It is 25.5 x 10 x 3.5 cm (10 x 4 x 1-1/2 inches) and is in excellent condition.
Kamisaka Sekka (1866-1942) is the godfather of 20th century Japanese design and the Rimpa revival. He was born in Kyoto in 1866, one of six siblings. From 1882 he began his artistic career, however did not take-off until visiting the Paris Expo in 1901, where he was exposed to Art Nouveau and Western industrial design concepts. He was adept as a painter and designer in an assortment of other media, working with various artisans to bring to life his ideas. He was employed as a teacher at the Kyoto Municipal School of Art, and was widely exhibited and prized throughout his career, which ended in retirement in 1938.
Ito Tozan I (1846-1920) began as a painter in the Maruyama school studying under Koizumi Togaku. In 1862 he became a pupil of Kameya Kyokutei, as well as studying under Takahashi Dohachi III and Kanzan Denshichi (who made the dishes for the imperial table). In 1867, with the fall of the Edo government, he opened his kiln in Eastern Kyoto. Much prized at home, he was also recognized abroad at the Amsterdam, Paris and Chicago World Expositions. With an emphasis on Awata and Asahi wares of Kyoto, he began to use the name Tozan around 1895. In 1917 he was named a member of the Imperial Art Academy, one of only five potters ever given that title, and like his teacher Denshichi, created the dishes from which the Imperial family would eat. He worked very closely with his adopted son, Ito Tozan II (1871-1937). He too began life as a painter, but his talent was seen by Tozan I, who adopted him and converted him to pottery, where he both succeeded and excelled as a member of one of Kyotos most well known pottery families.
Miki Hyoetsu I was born in 1877, establishing a line of craftsman which lasts to this day. He was exhibited at the Shotoku Taishi Ten and Paris World Exposition among others.

A square bottle vase by one of the most sought after and influential of all Japanese ceramic artists, Kawai Kanjiro (b. 1890), enclosed in the original kiri box signed by the master, which we have had authenticated at the Kawai Kanjiro Memorial Museum (now endorsed on the top by his daughter, Kyoha). The pale crackle glazed vase dates circa 1935, and is decorated with flower like dabs of rust and cobalt typical of this period, with dark iron fading out from the square mouth and base. As would be expected, the vase is expertly crafted from pale clay, and measures 7-1/2 inches (19cm) tall, 4-3/4 inches (12 cm) across the body. Kanjiro was a true artist by nature, and together with Hamada Shoji, set a pattern of study for modern potters. After graduating the Tokyo School of Industrial Design, he came to study in Kyoto, eventually establishing his own kiln on the Gojo-no-Saka (It remains standing today and is a must see for anyone visiting Kyoto). Together with compatriots Shoji and Bernard Leach (with whom he traveled throughout Asia) established the modern Mingei movement in ceramics, the most influential ceramics movement in the 20th century. His research on glazes (of which he developed thousands over a lifetime of work) remains influential as well. Rrefusing to be limited to ceramics, Kanjiro also worked in bronze, wood and paint. An interesting final note on this unusual artist, when offered the title of Living National Treasure, an honor bestowed on very few, he declined.

A demure image of grace and youth; this is a fine full sized Bunraku theater puppet dating from the first half of the 20th century; one of two from a private collection we are currently offering. The eyes open and close, but are stiff, hands are flexible and fully operational. She wears a period red brocade kimono with kiku chrysanthemum patterns and a black obi featuring dragons and phoenix. A white silk lining and silver crown of flowers complete her outfit. The puppet dates from the first half of the 20th century, and stands roughly 40 inches (102 cm) tall. She is in excellent condition.

A radical ink landscape by legendary artist Fukuda Kodojin. Ink on paper in a green silk patterned border set in beige with wood rollers. It is 13 x 70 inches (33 x 178 cm) and is in excellent condition.
Fukuda Kodojin (1865-1944) an eccentric self taught artist, his status as a poet, calligrapher and literati artist has reached legendary status. Born at a time of great change (4 years before the final fall of the Edo Government), he lived through the westernization of Meiji, Taisho Democracy, the rise of Imperialism and final defeat of the Showa eras. He was self taught, part of a small group of artists existing outside conventional circles in pre-war Japan. He moved to a village outside of Kyoto in 1901, where he supported himself and his family by privately tutoring those who wished to learn Chinese-style poetry. Kodojin was simply a scholar. His poetry, painting, and calligraphy all stem from a life-long cultivation of the mind. He was known to have taken the time just before his death to destroy the large portion of his own remaining work, leaving only that which must have met some personal criteria. For more on his life see the book Old Taoist, or Unexplored Avenues of Japanese Painting. Twenty five paintings by the artist formed a private exhibition (from Gitter-Yelen) at the New Orleans Museum of Art in 2000, and he is part of the Hakutakuan collection among many others

A lacquer box decorated with a Rimpa style thatched house under blossoming tree by Kamisaka Sekka dating from the late Taisho period. It is 12.5 x 12.5 x 6 cm (5 x 5 x 2 inches) and is in excellent condition. An identical box which was part of the permanent collection of the Ruth and Sherman Lee Institute along with the original design sketch is visible on page 154 of the book Kamisaka Sekka: Rimpa Master - Pioneer of Modern Design published by the Kyoto National Museum of Modern Art in 2003.
Kamisaka Sekka (1866-1942) is the godfather of 20th century Japanese design and the Rimpa revival. He was born in Kyoto in 1866, one of six siblings. From 1882 he began his artistic career, however did not take-off until visiting the Paris Expo in 1901, where he was exposed to Art Nouveau and Western industrial design concepts. He was adept as a painter and designer in an assortment of other media, working with various artisans to bring to life his ideas. He was employed as a teacher at the Kyoto Municipal School of Art (future University of Fine Art), and was widely exhibited and prized throughout his career, which ended in retirement in 1938.

The tanuki rests, energy spent, among fallen bamboo leaves lit by the crescent moon, only those yellow eyes alert and watchful. A beautiful pigment on silk painting signed Seiei enclosed in the original signed wooden box. It is bordered in patterned green silk and features bone rollers. The scroll is 21-1/2 x 76-1/2 inches (55 x 194 cm) and in overall fine condition.

A large porcelain vase by Miyanaga Tozan decorated with a garden scene of young pine growing up around a large stone brushed by Yamamoto Shunkyo and enclosed in a double wooden box signed by both artists. It comes with the pictured rosewood stand in a separate section in the box. The vase is 12 inches (31cm) tall 8 inches (20 cm) diameter and in excellent condition.
Yamamoto Shunkyo (1871-1933) was born in Otsu, Shiga prefecture in 1871, and came to study traditional Shijo painting in Kyoto under Kono Bairei, Nomura Bunkyo and Mori Kansai from whom he acquired his dexterity with brush and draw from life ideals yet never left his roots in Otsu far behind, always happy to do a quick sketch with minimal effort in the abbreviated hybrid Otsu style. He was also an avid mountaineer, and observation on such outings give his landscapes a sense of depth lacking in traditional art of the era. Shunkyo also was heavily influenced by photography and Western perspective and light. Widely exhibited in his youth he was offered a professorship at the Kyoto Municipal School of Arts in 1899, where his semi-realistic style came to have a strong influence on the early 20th century Nihonga painters from Kyoto. He was appointed a member of the Imperial Art Academy, and was exhibited often both inside and outside Japan including the St. Louis World Exposition. He is held in the collections of numerous museums, including the Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art, Museum of Modern Art Tokyo and Boston Museum among others.
Miyanaga Tozan I (1868-1941) is one of the most important names in Kyoto ceramics. He was born in Ishikawa prefecture, and graduated from the (now) Tokyo University of Art. While a government employee, he represented Japan at Arts Expositions, and studied art in Europe before returning to Japan in 1902 to devote himself to the production of ceramics, with great emphasis on celadon, one of the most difficult of all ceramic wares. He was direct teacher or mentor to a number of prominent artists including Kitaoji Rosanjin and Arakawa Toyozo. His kiln is now in the third generation, run by his grandson.

Koma Inu Shrine guardians decorate this unusually vivid Ako carpet dating from the early 20th century. The color combination is quite striking, especially when held up to the more standard subdued works typical of Ako. It is 95 x 195 cm (37-1/2 x 77 inches) and is in stunning condition. We found this wrapped in paper in the attic of a Kyoto home which had been sealed off during renovations in the 1950s. With a relatively small quantity produced within the rather short history of Japanese carpet making, this is a great collector piece as well as functional antique carpet with very soft texture and attractive design.
Called ‘dantsu’ in Japanese, hand knotted rugs are works of art requiring several months to complete. Inspired in her travels by Chinese benrekisen rugs, Naka Kojima spent years developing the looms and began weaving carpets in Ako in 1874 using high quality cotton, traditional designs and her own innovative weaving techniques. It became a cottage industry in Ako, handed down for decades among the local women while men worked the salt fields. At the peak of its popularity, they adorned the Imperial House of Japan and other governmental buildings and were exported to Australia, the UK, and the US. However, challenges in the world market during the great depression the prohibition of cotton trade leading up to World War II forced not simply a decline, but a near closure of the industry. Some resumed weaving after the war, but found it difficult to compete with machine-manufacturing. In 1991, with the support of Ako City, weaving classes for younger women taught by Kirie Sakaguchi,the only Ako Dantsu weaver left in the city, were begun and since there has been some revival albeit on a very small scale.

An interesting comment on the circle of life, the huge cicada, with only a three day (above ground) life, is dissected and carried away by a line of tiny ants, birth and death, the mighty and the tiny, and the cycle of life continues. This image is by Ishikawa Chikuson and comes enclosed in the original signed wooden box. It is performed with ink and light color on handmade paper, mounted in a field of soft-blue silk extended with beige. The scroll is 22 x 48-1/2 inches (55 x 123 cm) and is in overall fine condition. Ishikawa Chikuson (1884-1952) was born in Tokyoand was given his mothers name. At the age of 18 he apprenticed under Matsumoto Fuko and Suzuki Kason. Much lauded at the time, he moved to Nagoua after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923 destroyed his studio, establishing a studio and a following in his new home, but was again, later in life, displaced by war and the allied bombing of Nagoya. He took refuge in rural Mie prefecture. After the signing of peace terms, he returned to the barren Nagoya where he took a job as a postal worker while rebuilding his studio.

Oarsmen battle Tempestuous seas to carry safely home their cargo of courtly women in this vivid scene signed Hakushun dated 1932. The oars bend under the strain of the ferocious seas, the oarsmen pull with all their might. Behind bamboo curtains the young women huddle together, their courtly robes flowing about like the oceans mad waves. A very powerful scene supervised by a noble seated at the back of the small ship, witnessed by a gaggle of cormorants resting on a jagged rock cluster. The silk screen is bordered with an unobtrusive black lacquered wooden frame and measures 9 feet by 55 inches (275 x 140 cm). It is in excellent condition but for some minor marks in the upper portions. Due to the war, which started for Japan in 1932, records on artists for this and following years are scant. However the painting is very much in the style of the artist Matsumura Ichiyo, and Hakushun may have been one of his students.

A noborigama (multiple chamber climbing kiln) ascends the right side of this wildly brushed Autumnal Nihonga screen signed Takuji, which dates from the late 1920s or 1930s. Drastically contorted thatched buildings are shaded by a massive leafless tree which dominates the center of the scene. A few remaining leaves dangling after winters first frosts, shine with gold about the edges. The back ground is a milieu of rich blues and blacks, shaded with the ghosts of winter trees, the whole awash with mica, giving it an ethereal glow. In the foreground smoke drifts from where unglazed pots are being fired in a small subterranean kiln in the garden, and others are drying under the thatched annex on the left, while the craftsmen carry pots and wood to the kiln in preparation for firing. Nothing is within scale, yet the artist has managed to balance the extreme manga style work with the two dimensional charm which epitomizes traditional Japanese painting. The screen measures 68 by 74-1/2 inches (173 x 189 cm) and retains the original silk backing which is in fine condition. This is one of the most interesting screens we have ever owned. The eye is constantly pulled to a new aspect or view, and although it has been standing here in the office for almost two months (unprecedented) I have yet to tire of its interest. It is likely the screen is an early work by Koide Takuji (1904-1978) as, were one to take the radical brushwork of his Youga sketches and give them a Nihonga flair, the result would be something which looks very much like this. It was after all, in the 1930s, that the Japanese government took the ideology that Nihonga was the only true art in Japan, and a great many young artists practiced the genre.

A lacquered wooden box decorated in built up Takamaki-e with Tsuba and Kozuka by Heian Zohiko dating from the first half of the 20th century. Inside is fine even nashiji. The decorations rise quite high off the surface, almost as if genuine tsuba were lying atop the box. One tsuba is in the shape of a Mokugyo, a Buddhist prayer drum of hollowed wood culminating in two dragons. The second is one of the seven lucky gods (shichi-fukujin) Daikoku seated in front of a rice bale, smoking a pipe and petting a puppy. The Kozuka handle is decorated with a traditional entertainer dancing with an umbrella. All the edges are protected by a silver rim. The Zohiko stamp is visible on the underside of the box; an elephant in a cartouche. The box measures 11 x 8-1/2 x 4-1/2 inches (28 x 22 x 12 cm) and is in excellent condition. Zohiko is one of the oldest and most prominent lacquer studios in Kyoto. This was likely produced under the visage of Zohiko VII or VIII.

A truly magnificent vase of pastel blue floral designs on yellow-green body by Miyanaga Tozan enclosed in the original signed wooden box. It is 8 inches (20 cm) tall and in excellent condition. It retains the original wooden base. I believe this is by the second generation.
Miyanaga Tozan I (1868-1941) is one of the most important names in Kyoto ceramics. He was born in Ishikawa prefecture, and graduated from the (now) Tokyo University of Art. While a government employee, he represented Japan at Arts Expositions, and studied art in Europe before returning to Japan in 1902 to devote himself to the production of ceramics, with great emphasis on celadon, one of the most difficult of all ceramic wares. He was direct teacher or mentor to a number of prominent artists including Kitaoji Rosanjin and Arakawa Toyozo. He was succeeded by his adopted daughter who brought a refreshing variation of color and delicate touch to the porcelains they produced. The kiln is now in the third generation, run by his grandson.

A complex landscape wraps around and climbs up this exquisite porcelain vase by Daimaru Hokuho dating from the early to mid 20th century. It is 13 inches (33 cm) tall and in excellent condition. There is no box.
Hokuho would have been rated in the top 10 porcelain artist of Kyoto, along with Suwa Sozan, Ito Suiko, Ito Tozan, Miyanaga Tozan, Takahashi Dohachi, Seifu Yohei, Kiyomizu Rokubei, Miura Chikusen and Kiyomizu Zoroku, all artists active from the Meiji through the early Showa eras. He is best remembered for his Chinese forms and Sencha thin tea ware. Born in Ishikawa in 1879, he was initially trained in the Kutani tradition before moving to Kyoto in 1899 to study porcelain throwing and decoration there. He also spent several years in China where he became adept at the aforementioned Sencha aesthetic. Daimaru Hokuho II (Tatsuo, b. 1926) studied under both his father and Kiyomizu Rokubei V and VI. He exhibited frequently with the Nitten National Exhibition, where he would serve as a judge.

A cascade of flora drapes from the neck of this gorgeous piece by Seifu Yohei IV. It is 31 cm (12 inches) tall and in perfect condition. Quite large for a work by Seifu, it is marked on the base with an incised signature.
Seifū Yohei IV (Seizan: 1872-1946) was born the second son of Seifū Yohei III (1851-1914). He studied literati-style painting under Tanomura Shōsai (1845-1909), a son of Tanomura Chokunyū, in Osaka for three years. In 1914, he succeeded to the head of the family and produced works mostly in his father’s style. He won a number of prizes including the Golden Prize at the Panama Pacific International Exposition, San Francisco in 1916 and the exhibitions of the Japan Art Association in 1916 and 1918. He produced several works for members of the Imperial family.

The soft blur of blossoming plum, as if viewed in a dream, by Murashiam Yuichi. The evocative form, rising up in an arc to dominate the paper, seems powerful in comparison to the delicate petals clinging to new branches rising from the gnarled limbs. Ink on paper in green silk border, the scroll is 216 × 45cm (85 x 18 inches) and in overall excellent condition.
Murashima Yuichi (1897-1983 born Yuichiro) also known as Ho-o, was born in Toyama and graduated the Tokyo Bijutsu Gakko (Mod University of Art) under Yuki Somei. He exhibited with and was awarded several times at the Teiten/Bunten Nitten National Exhibitions. His Painting Horses in Pasture from 1942 is held in the collection of the Tokyo National Museum of Modern Art

An exquisite landscape circles the body of this voluminous ballister form by Eiraku Zengoro XV (Shozen) enclosed in the original signed wooden box. It is 15 inches (38 cm) tall, 7-1/2 inches (19 cm) diameter and in excellent condition.
Eiraku Shozen (1879-1932) was the backbone of the family tradition after the passing of his father in 1909, and worked tirelessly to maintain the family reputation. His works were preferred by the 12th generation head of Omote Senkei Seisai, and were also a favorite for use by the Prince Sadaaki of the imperial family in the Omiya Gosho palace.