Catalog: Archives: Regional Art: Asian (611)

A mandala from the Main Kyoto Nichiren Sect Buddhist Temple Honnoji cut from a hardwood slab used in the rebuilding of the great hall in the Taisho period. Written on back is “Given in Taisho 14 (1925) to the temple supporter’s representative as a prayer for good fortune upon the occasion of the ceremonial raising of the roof beam of the main temple structure (Honden), the plackard cut from wood used in the rebuilding”. It is signed Nichijo-gan. Nichijo was the 62nd head of Honnoji Temple, and supervised the rebuilding of the temple in the first quarter of the 20th century. The temple was completed in 1928, the same year Nichijo passed the reins to the 63rd head of the temple Niccho Jojin. The disc, of prized Keyaki, is 12 inches (30 cm) diameter, and in perfect condition, slightly darkened with age.
Honnō-ji is most famous for the Honnō-ji incident. Oda Nobunaga lodged there before his invasion of the west. However, on the morning of June 21, 1582, the traitorous forces of Akechi Mitsuhide, one of his top generals, surrounded the temple and set it on fire. Knowing there was no way out for him, Nobunaga committed seppuku. After Nobunaga's death, Mitsuhide himself was killed by farmers following the Battle of Yamazaki, where his forces were defeated by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who completed the unification of Japan started by Nobunaga. Subsequently Hideyoshi’s own son died in a similar fashion after the second battle of Osaka, and the Toyotomi line ended, paving the way for the take-over of the Tokugawa Shogunate and the beginning of the Edo period.

This fine antique lacquer tray features a Gold lacquer rim surrounding a field of jet black dominated by two stylistic butterflies, the underside a sea of Nashiji. It is enclosed in the original signed wooden box inside of which is a paper seal reading Nai-gaikoku Hakurankai, Kyoshinkai, Hinpyokai, Kingindosho (National International exhibitions, Kyoshinkai, Industrial exhibitions, Gold silver bronze prizes) followed by the store name Higashimon shoten, Fujibo, Osaka It is in very good condition, yet does show some signs of use in some very minor abrasions on the black field inside. There are no chips or cracks, no loss to the lacquer. It is 12-3/4 by 18 by 2 inches (32.4 x 45.5 x 5 cm).

Verdant foliage of the Imperial Paulownia (Kiri) tree in crisp cobalt rises majestically on this tall vase by Miyagawa (Makuzu) Kozan enclosed in the original signed wooden box titled Seika Kiri no Zu Kabin (Blue and White Vase with Paulownia Design). It is 30 cm (12 inches) tall and in excellent condition, signed on the base.
The name Kozan was granted by Prince Yasui-no-Miya in 1851 in honor of the tea ware produced during the later Edo for the imperial Court by the tenth generation head of the Kyoto pottery family Miyagawa Chozo. The Kozan (Makuzu) kiln as we know it today was established in Yokohama in 1871 by the 11th generation head of the family where he reinvented the family business. He immediately set out on a journey which would propel the Kozan name to International Celebrity status, and send his wares throughout the globe. Pieces produced there were marked Kozan, or Makuzu, the official kiln name, or both. Although he had been running the daily operation since the late 19th century, the first son, Hanzan, succeeded as head of the kiln, in 1912, with the father officially retiring to spend more time on his own research and art. Kozan I dies in 1916. The kiln was run by Hanzan through the early Showa era, he officially taking the name Kozan II in 1917, after one year mourning for his fathers passing. Under Hanzan the kiln was commissioned for works to be presented to the Prince of Wales, the 25th wedding anniversary gift for the Taisho emperor and the Showa Emperors coronation gift. The kiln was completely destroyed in the bombing of Yokohama in 1945. For more on this illustrious family see Bridging East and West, Japanese Ceramics from the Kozan Studio by Kathleen Emerson-Dell.

A wooden sign of three golden characters carved into the surface of a solid slab of burled wood enclosed in a frame expertly carved with the four gentlemen, plum, bamboo, iris and chrysanthemum. It reads Yuraku-sai, A Place of Playful Enjoyment. The sign (with frame) is 11-1/4 x 21 inches (28.5 x 53 cm). It is signed Setsuyo (?) followed by two stamps. There is a chip into a hollow in the wooden plaque, lower left (see photos) otherwise is in excellent condition. This sign would have been hung at the entrance to a traditional Japanese tea room.

The 14 petal Imperial Chrysanthemum forms a triad emblazoned in gold on the lid of this exquisite mizusashi fresh water jar by Imperial Court Artist Ito Tozan I enclosed in the original signed wooden box dated as having been received in June 1911. The box is tied with a green silk chord. The piece is 6-1/2 inches (16.5 cm diameter, roughly 7 inches (18 cm) tall and is in perfect condition. The 16 petal seal with 16 petals between is used only by the emperor. Other branches of the imperial family use a 14 petal seal with petals between. This is from an estate associated with one of the branches of the Imperial Family, we were fortunate to be able to purchase a few pieces from.
Ito Tozan I (1846-1920) began as a painter in the Maruyama school studying under Koizumi Togaku. In 1862 he became a pupil of Kameya Kyokutei, as well as studying under Takahashi Dohachi III and Kanzan Denshichi (who made the dishes for the imperial table). In 1867, with the fall of the Edo government, he opened his kiln in Eastern Kyoto. Much prized at home, he was also recognized abroad at the Amsterdam, Paris and Chicago World Expositions. With an emphasis on Awata and Asahi wares of Kyoto, he began to use the name Tozan around 1895. In 1917 he was named a member of the Imperial Art Academy, one of only five potters ever given that title, and like his teacher Denshichi, created the dishes from which the Imperial family would eat.

Here is a rare Jizai mantis. It is by an artist named Tomiki Munenobu, one in a line of artists carrying on the Myochin style of metalwork. Teh piece likely dates from somewhere in the later Meiji, 1890-1910. Life-size, it is roughly 3 inches long, the same height and in fine condition. It is as found, not yet cleaned or tampered with. The head is mobile; the thorax with retractable arms and folding wings. Jizai is a term used to describe a variety of mobile or articulated crafts in Japan.

A fine dark olive bronze by Living National Treasure Katori Masahiko enclosed in the original signed wooden box. It is 8 inches (20 cm) tall and in fine condition. Katori Masahiko (1899-1988) was born into the family of prominent Bronze Artist Katori Hozuma in Chiba. He was internationally awarded at the Paris Exposition in 1925, the year he graduated The Tokyo University of Fine Arts (a student of Tsuda Shinobu). Heavily involved with the Teiten/Nitten National Art Exhibition, following the destruction of the Second World War, he would spend years working to save Japanese Buddhist Treasures, and making Bells for Temples and Monuments. He was designated an Important Intangible Cultural Property of Japan (Living National Treasure) in 1977.

A small round heavily lacquered box made to contain incense carved with Peonies by Imperial Artist Suwa Sozan I enclosed in the original signed wooden box. Layer upon layer of lacquer has been applied over time, each subsequent layer allowing for drying, then the entire is carved through with the floral motif. This would likely have been years in the making. This kogo is 3 inches (7.5 cm) diameter and in perfect condition signed underneath Sozan. Sozan was known best for his impeccable celadons, and was one of only five potters ever recognized with the status of Teishitsu Gigei-In (Member of the Imperial Art Academy). Lesser known is his predilection for lacquerware. An ardent Literatus and Sinophile, Sozan would try his hand at various art forms, including painting, calligraphy, carved lacquer, inlayed lacquer, porcelain and pottery.
Suwa Sozan I (1852-1922) was born in Kutani country, present day Ishikawa prefecture, where he initially studied before moving to Tokyo in 1875. Over the next 25 years he would gravitate between Tokyo and Kanazawa, working at various kilns and research facilities. He again relocated, this time to Kyoto in 1900 to manage the Kinkozan Studio before establishing his own. His name became synonymous with celadon and refined porcelain and was one of only five potters to be named Teishitsu Gigei-in. The Teishitsu Gigei-in were members of the Imperial Art Academy, Perhaps in modern terms one might call them the predecessors to the Living National Treasures. However unlike the LNT, there were only five Pottery artists ever named Teishitsu Gigei-in, Ito Tozan, Suwa Sozan, Itaya Hazan, Miyagawa Kozan, and Seifu Yohei III. He was succeeded by his adopted daughter upon his death. He is held in the Kyoto National Museum among many others.

A later Meiji period two panel screen, Pigment on silk, signed Hosen (Usui Hosen) dating 1900-1910. Shunkei lacquer frame with cloth backing. Quintessential for the era, the scene is brushed in an abbreviated style, allowing the viewer to participate by completing the details. Muted colors and the lack of hard lines lend the screen an ethereal quality, as if recalled from a distant memory. The screen is 56 inches x 5 feet (142 x 152 cm) and is in fine condition but for some stress in the silk in the lower portion of the womans garments. Usui Hosen (b 1881, Kyoto) graduated the Kyoto School of Art and apprenticed under Yamamoto Shunkyo before establishing himself as a known Nihonga artist in early 20th century Kyoto the cultural heart of Japan.

An exotic white inko in a pine tree enclosed in the original red lacquered double signed wooden box (Niju bako). Pigment and ink on silk in a fine brown silk border patterned with Kiri leaves, extended with blue gray and featuring large ivory rollers. It measures 23-1/2 x 80-1/2 inches (60 x 204 cm). There is light foxing, mostly concentrated to the right of the tree. The seals are pubished in the large museum Anthology “Keinen” figures B and D.
Imao Keinen (1845-1924) was born in Kyoto, and initially schooled in the Ukiyoe style before becoming a pupil of Suzuki Hyakunen, from whom he received his name. Master of many styles, he was a member of the Imperial Art Committee and Imperial Art Academy, and served as Juror for the Bunten as well as teaching at the Kyoto School of painting. Very influential painter known for his detailed Kacho-ga. He is held in the collections of the Ashmolean, Metropolitan Museum NY and Museum of Fine Arts, Boston among others.

A pair of spectacular Mino Yaki Porcelain vases from the studio of famed artisan Kato Gosuke decorated with clusters of grapes under drying late summer leaves. It is 32.5 cm tall, 21 cm diameter and both are in excellent condition, enclosed in a wooden collectors box titled Mino Yaki Kabin Ittsui, Kato Gosuke Saku (Pair of Mino Yaki Vases by Kato Gosuke). Each bears a signature in overglaze on the base, along with two impressed seals. The square seal reads Kato Gosuke.
Kato Gosuke (1837－1915) was a master craftsman of Mino ware who was active in the Meiji period, fired elaborate and precise dyed porcelain, and his works were sold not only in Japan but also overseas, contributing to the improvement of the quality of Mino ware. Born in Tajimi into a traditional potting family, at a time when Mino ware was being produced on a large scale with low standards, and was considered a pottery for daily use. Gosuke was selected by Nishiura Enji III to manage production of his high quality porcelains, a task to which Gosuke excelled. Eventually, Gosuke became independent. His submission to the Philadelphia World Exposition is now housed in the Victoria and Albert Museum in London and in 1878 a vase depicting Mt.Fuji was awarded bronze at the Paris World Exposition solidifying his reputation.

A large porcelain vase covered in olive green upon which grows a rush of white bamboo and a brief epitaph by Miura Chikusen I enclosed in the original signed wooden box dating to the late Meiji or early Taisho period. It is 15 inches (37.5 cm) tall and in excellent condition. The box has much darkened with age. Works of this size by Chikusen, who largely specialized in the minute world of Sencha ware are quite rare.
Miura Chikusen I (1854-1915) made a name for himself as a strict adherent to and supplier of Sencha tea wares in Kyoto; one of the most important artists in the country for that genre. He studied under Takahashi Dohachi from the age of 13, before establishing his own studio in 1883. He was a feature in the literati community of Kyoto and was well known also as a painter, poet and calligraphist. His porcelains were considered of the highest grade throughout the Meiji era, and are still highly collectable today. The kiln continues, currently under the management of the fifth generation.

A shu-iro red lacquered sign in the shape of a tea jar dating from the late 19th to early 20th century. A long verse has been carved into the surface before lacquering. The back is bound with cloth and lacquered black. The sign is 16 x 20 inches (41 x 50 cm). There are minor chips typical of age, but is in overall very good condition. For an excellent delve into the distinctive fusion of art, design and commerce of antique Japanese signage see the book Kanban (2017, Mingei Museum, Alan Scott Pate). You will find in there a black lacquered Kanban of similar shape and style.

A decidedly different version of this theme, a Festive carved wooden Tai (Red Snapper) fish with removable side for sashimi coated inside in gold with bone teeth and inlayed bone eyes. The craftsman ahs gone to great lengths to make this as realistic as possible, from the textures of the skin to the folds in the fins and coloring. Unusually, most dishes in this vein are one sided, however this is equally realistically carved on both sides. It is 47 x 21 x 6 cm (18-1/2 x 8 x 2-1/2 inches and is in overall excellent, antique condition.
It may seem strange, but the red snapper is a representative good luck "charm." There are two reasons. One, the pronunciation of red snapper (Tai) is the same as the end of the word for "fortunate" or "worthy of celebration" (Medetai), and two, the red snapper is known for living a much longer life than other fish and is seen as a symbol of long life. In fact, the deity Ebisu-sama is most often depicted holding a red snapper under one arm.

A latticework Hoya of solid silver caps this fine porcelain koro incense burner, a joint work by Miura Chikusen and Hashimoto Kansentsu, enclosed in the original shiho-kiri-wood box signed by both artists. It is 8.5 cm (3-1/2 inches) tall 11 x 16 cm across the handles (4-1/2 x 6-1/2 inches). Beast heads form the handles with a scholarly hut on one side, a poem in ancient script opposite. It is signed on the base by Chikusen and on the side by Kansetsu.
Born into the family of literatus and painter Hashimoto Kaikan in Hyogo, in the heart of central Japan, Hashimoto Kansetsu (1883-1945) was a sinophile and manic painter trained initially by his own eye and studies of Chinese classics, then under Takeuchi Seiho (1864-1942). Very opinionated (like his teacher) on the future of Japanese painting, he eventually left Seiho’s Chikujokai school and set out to establish his own painting style which came to be called Shin-Nanga (the New Sothern School). He travelled in Europe and extensively in China, and many of his scenes are inspired by that country. His former residence, which he designed entirely himself, is now a museum. Works by this artist are in so many important collections, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, MOMAT (Tokyo National Museum of Modern Art), Adachi Museum, Kyoto National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto Municipal Museum of Art, and the Imperial Household collection among many others.
Miura Chikusen I (1854-1915) made a name for himself as a strict adherent to and supplier of Sencha tea wares in Kyoto; one of the most important artists in the country for that genre. He studied under Takahashi Dohachi from the age of 13, before establishing his own studio in 1883. He was a feature in the literati community of Kyoto and was well known also as a painter, poet and calligraphist. His porcelains were considered of the highest grade throughout the Meiji era, and are still highly collectable today. The kiln continues, currently under the management of the fifth generation.

A pair of ceramic Cormorants by preeminent early 20th century Master Miyanaga Tozan enclosed in the original signed wooden box. The cormorant has a special place in Japanese art. Like the hawk is a bird used in hunting, the cormorant is a bird used in fishing. A rope would be tied around the long necks of any number of the birds, them then taken out into the water with huge torches burning on the prows of the fishing boats. When the birds dive for and down a fish, they cannot swallow it, and the fisherman pulls it from its mouth. This was a very popular scene in early 20th century painting as well. These birds are roughly 8 inches (21 cm) long each and in excellent condition. Miyanaga Tozan I (1868-1941) is one of the most important names in Kyoto ceramics. He was born in Ishikawa prefecture, and graduated from the (now) Tokyo University of Art. While a government employee, he represented Japan at Arts Expositions, and studied art in Europe before returning to Japan in 1902 to devote himself to the production of ceramics, with great emphasis on celadon, one of the most difficult of all ceramic wares. He was direct teacher or mentor to a number of prominent artists including Kitaoji Rosanjin and Arakawa Toyozo. His kiln is now in the third generation, run by his grandson.

Pine Tray with Kintsugi gold and silver lacquer repairs featuring an intricate depiction of a butterfly in silver and gold maki-e flying around a pool formed of the natural dark and light wood grain. Splits on both ends are perfectly joined with inset wood “Butterflies”. Cracks have been filled with gold and silver creating streaks of light on the aged wood surface. It is 34 x 24 x 2.5 cm (roughly 14 x 10 x 2 inches) and comes in a period wood box titled Jidai Matsu ki-ji (Old Pine Wood) Koban-gata Kobon (Coin Shaped Incense Tray). I must confess my heart skipped a beat the moment I saw this piece. It is so perfectly representative of the Japanese scholar aesthetic with its reverence of the natural world and sublime sense of beauty combined with the pathos of the intransient rooted in the ideas of wabi-sabi.

A fetching scene of colored washes very　much in　the Taisho style by important artist Ono (Ohno) Bakufu. Pigment on silk in superb Kinrande mounting. It is roughly 21-1/2 x 79 inches (56 x 200 cm).
Born in Tokyo Ono Bakufu (1888-1976) relocated to central Japan after the great Kanto earthquake of 1923 where he became an honorary member of the Hyogo Prefectural Academy of Fine Arts. Often displayed at the Teiten National Exhibition, he is best known for paintings of fish, which were serialized in 72 woodblock prints from 1937-1942 (Dai Nihon gyorui gashu).